Senegal’s constitutional reform faces referendum vote
President Bassirou Diomaye Faye of Senegal has announced plans to submit a constitutional reform bill to a national referendum if it is approved by the National Assembly. The reform, championed by the parliamentary majority, aims to rebalance institutional powers and reduce the president’s prerogatives.
The announcement was made on June 29 by Justice Minister Moussa Sarr during a parliamentary session. According to the minister, President Faye has chosen to invoke Article 103 of the Constitution, which allows a constitutional revision to be put to a popular vote.
The proposed changes seek to reshape Senegal’s institutional landscape by enhancing the roles of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. Key modifications include limiting certain powers traditionally held by the head of state, fostering a more balanced distribution of authority.
Political tensions amid institutional shifts
The reform enjoys strong support from the parliamentary majority, which aligns with Prime Minister Ousmane Sonko’s political camp. However, its introduction coincides with growing political tensions between the two leading figures of Senegal’s executive branch.
President Faye and Prime Minister Sonko, long-time political allies, rose to power following the March 2024 presidential election, which marked a significant political transition in the country. In recent months, disagreements have emerged between the two leaders on multiple issues, raising concerns about the cohesion of the government’s top tier.
By opting for a referendum, President Faye seeks to avoid a parliamentary-only approval of the reform and instead secure direct endorsement from citizens. The upcoming vote will determine whether the proposed changes—presented as a step toward a modernized institutional framework—will be adopted.
Key changes proposed in the reform
- Reduction of presidential powers to create a more balanced institutional framework
- Enhanced separation of powers between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches
- Strengthening of checks and balances to prevent power concentration
- Possible adjustments to term limits or institutional mandates
